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Components

The project sidebar for this example is shown in the figure below. The project sidebar shows all of the components that are used in the example. Each of these components is described in detail in the following sections.

 

 

Project Component

When a new PipeLay project is created it contains just a Project component. This component is used to store general project information such as the project title, location, and so on. The Project component is also used to specify certain project-specific settings such as the system of units to be used, global constants, finite element mesh settings and quality control procedures. For this example, the following information is stored in the general Project Settings dialog.

Table: General Project Settings

In the case of this example, the default project-specific settings are used (e.g. metric unit system, default mesh settings etc.).

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Material Component

The Material component is used to define the physical properties associated with a particular material. This example contains one component, which defines the material properties for steel, as listed in the table below. The Material component is located in the Material folder and is named ‘Steel’ in this example.

Table: Material Properties for ‘Steel’

 

Pipe Section Component

The Pipe Section component is used to specify the properties of an individual section of pipeline that has uniform properties. This example contains one Pipe Section component as follows:

▪The Pipe Section component is created in the Line folder and is named ‘11’’ Pipe’.

▪The specification is Standard.

▪The material used is ‘Steel’, as defined previously.

▪The geometrical and hydrodynamic properties are listed in the table below.

Table: Properties for ‘11’’ Pipe’

 

‘11’’ Pipe’ has two external coatings applied, an anti-corrosion coating and an anti-fouling coating. The properties of these coatings are defined in the External Coatings dialog as listed in the table below.

Table: Properties for External Coatings

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Cable Component

The Cable component is used to specify the properties of an individual section of cable that has uniform properties. It is similar to the Pipe Section component in many respects, though less complex, as no additional coatings or attachments may be specified. This example contains one Cable component as follows:

▪The Cable component is created in the Line folder and is named ‘Winch Cable’.

▪The Standard specification is selected and the material used is ‘Steel’, as defined previously.

▪A relatively low bending stiffness of 0.01 kNm² is explicitly defined.

▪The geometrical and hydrodynamic properties are listed in the table below.

Table: Properties for ‘Winch Cable’

 

Line Component

The Line component added to the Line folder, named ‘Pipeline’, contains 750m of ‘Winch Cable’ and 4000m of ‘11’’ Pipe’. The Payout Properties indicate that although 4000m of ‘11’’ Pipe’ is available for inclusion, only 750m of it is modelled initially.

 

Vessel Component

Two Vessel components are created in the Vessel folder in order to model the installation vessel and the FPU (namely ‘Tug’ and ‘FPU’). The installation vessel is characterised by a Standard Vessel Profile. It has a length of 220m and a depth of keel below origin of 15m. The FPU is characterised by a User Vessel Profile so the profile is loaded through the User Specified Profile dialog.

 

Vessel Offset Component

The Vessel Offset component is used to specify the static offset that is to be applied to a vessel in an analysis. In this example there is only Vessel Offset component, named ‘725m Offset’, which defines a negative surge offset of 725m.

 

Seabed Component

A single Seabed component is created in the Model folder, named ‘Rigid Seabed’. The default properties of a rigid seabed, with a zero coefficient of friction in the longitudinal and transverse directions and a slope of zero degrees, are left unchanged.

 

Internal Fluid Component

The Internal Fluid component is used to specify the properties of an internal fluid for a pipeline. In this example, an Internal Fluid component named ‘Seawater’ is created in the ‘Model’ folder to model the flooding of the pipeline. Naturally it has a mass density of 1025kg/m3.

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